As we wrap up our celebration of Black History Month, in this article, we will spotlight the achievements of three more remarkable innovators: Gerald Lawson, Valerie Thomas, and John Henry Thompson. Their groundbreaking work not only paved new paths in their respective fields but also inspired countless others to pursue careers in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM).
Gerald Lawson: Father of Modern Gaming
Gerald “Jerry” Lawson had a love of science and invention from a very young age. His father, a longshoreman, was a science bug and encouraged Lawson to always experiment with things. He earned an amateur ham radio license at age 13 and built his own radio station in his room, with an antenna hanging out of his window! Lawson earned money fixing television sets, visiting people’s homes for in-house repair, and working at local electronics stores. Lawson, known as one of the first African American video game designers, is often hailed as the father of modern gaming for his invention of the first cartridge-based video game console, the Fairchild Channel F. Before Lawson’s innovation, video games were hardwired into consoles, limiting players to the games that came with the machine. The introduction of the cartridge system in the 1970s revolutionized the gaming industry, allowing users to swap games and paving the way for the gaming ecosystems we know today. Lawson’s contribution is a critical chapter in the history of video games, highlighting the importance of innovation and adaptability in technology. Remarkably, Lawson was the only African American member of Silicon Valley’s famed Homebrew Computer Club in the 1970s, where early computer programs were freely shared.
Valerie Thomas: An Inventor Ahead of Her Time
Dr. Valerie L. Thomas, a physicist and inventor, was born and raised in Baltimore, Maryland. She was raised in the historic all-Black Cherry Hill community and attended the all-girls public Western High School. She developed an interest in physics before graduating in 1960, later attending Morgan State and matriculating with a degree in physics. NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) hired Thomas as a mathematician/data analyst immediately after graduating in 1964. She retired in 1995, rising to associate chief of the Space Science Data Operations Office. During her tenure, she made significant contributions to the field of imaging technology. In 1980, she patented the Illusion Transmitter, a device that creates optical illusions using concave mirrors, making it possible for objects to appear in 3D even when viewed on a flat surface. Dr. Thomas’ innovation laid the groundwork for advancements in 3D imaging and has applications in modern technology, from television and video games to medical imaging techniques. Her work at NASA, where she managed projects developing satellite technology and data systems, further exemplifies her pioneering role in technology and space exploration. Throughout her life she has encouraged young people, especially African Americans and girls, to pursue a career in science and technology. Currently, she resides in Prince George’s County, Maryland and continues her participation in STEM organizations such as Women in Science and Engineering and Shades of Blue, which focuses on aviation and aerospace.
John Henry Thompson: The Mind Behind Lingo Programming
John Henry Thompson developed an interest in computer programming languages in high school. He later taught himself several programming languages such as FORTRAN, PLI, COBOL and JCL while working in a New York research facility. Thompson’s goal was to absorb as much knowledge as possible so he could invent his own computer language. As a computer scientist, he accomplished that goal by inventing the Lingo programming language, which became the backbone of Macromedia Director software. Lingo allowed creators to develop graphics and animations, significantly impacting the multimedia and web development industries. Thompson’s work facilitated the creation of interactive websites, games, and educational software, contributing to the rich multimedia experience of the modern internet. His passion for blending technology with artistry underscores the creative potential of computer science and its capacity to enhance digital expression.
The stories of Valerie Thomas, Gerald Lawson, and John Henry Thompson are emblematic of the diverse ways African Americans have contributed to and shaped the technological landscape. From fostering diversity in STEM education to pioneering advancements in gaming and digital media, their achievements embody the spirit of innovation and resilience. As we celebrate their contributions, we also recognize the broader impact of their work in challenging stereotypes, breaking barriers, and inspiring future generations to dream big and break new ground in technology and beyond.
Courtesy, Karen Clay